Dendritic cells (DCs) display a considerable degree of heterogeneity. Subtypes of DCs can be identified according to their localization, phenotype, and immune function. Langerhans cells represent the DCs epidermis and express langerin/CD207 and CD1a. The class 6 semaphorin SEMA-6A defines an activation status of langerhans cells.DCs of the dermis or the lamina propria of mucosae (interstitial DCs) constitue more diverse populations characterized by the expression of DC-SIGN/CD209, CD1a (in humans only).interstitial DCs, or subsets thereof, include the macrophage mannose receptor (MMR/CD206) and the macrophage galactose lectin/asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR/CD301), DCIR and FDF03. Plasmacytoid DC (pDC) also known as Interferon-procucing cells can be identified by their expression of CD303, IL-3R alpha chain (CD123) and lack of CD11c.
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